The 100 years, which had passed since the establishment of the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation is rather a long path, strewed by creative successes and wormwood of scientific life. Therefore, within the framework of one journal article, it is impossible to carry out a comprehensive historical reconstruction of all stages of this thorny and long path. Having said this, the proposed article is a brief excursion into the history of establishment and development of this renowned temple of lawmaking and a farrier of scientific thought as well as into its legislative, research, educational and awareness-raising activities only. In particular, an attempt was made to show an invaluable contribution of the Institute’s outstanding scientists to the development of theory and methodology of law, to the research of its epistemological nature, ontological foundations and axiological peculiarities, to the formation of scientific schools and creation of fundamentally new directions in various branches of law; to analyze fundamental doctrines developed within the Institute, which had made an invaluable contribution to the development Soviet and Russian legal science; to disclose a historical significance of lawmaking activities of the Institute for the development of legal system and legislative technology both in Russia and far beyond its borders; to shed a light on the activities of the Institute’s creative team and its leadership related to the improvement of modern legislative framework of the Russian Federation, taking into account positive legislative experience of foreign countries, and further development of various branches of law as well as strengthening of scientific cooperation with the world’s legal research centers.